Task2-The four secret ingredients that can turn good schools into great ones

https://www.smh.com.au/national/victoria/the-four-secret-ingredients-that-can-turn-good-schools-into-great-ones-20190328-p518e2.html

The four secret ingredients that can turn good schools into great ones 

• every school strives to boost student results, the key ingredients that drive this improvement are difficult to pinpoint.

Main ideas:

1.  Good relationships:

• Best schools go out of their way to forge strong ties between teachers, students, and parents. 
• Good relationships encourage students to achieve top marks and to attend the state's most prestigious universities.
• Schools rolled out student voices emerge as crowned schools.
• Dispute resolution is great and healthy with good partnerships. 

2.High Expectations:

• The culture of high expectations permeates these schools.
• Right exposure to a variety of careers and further education opportunities are provided to the students.
• Students are given the confidence to achieve their dreams.
• Experts from Melbourne Education Research Institute at the University of Melbourne iterates that “best schools don’t stream students according to their ability”.  

3.Flexibility:

•  Best schools don’t promote one, narrow idea of success. They encourage students to pursue their interests and tailor their education accordingly.
• Mentone Grammar School principal Mal Cater said: “Schools should not assume that all students want to attend university”.
• Schools that offer flexibility let students enroll in rigorous VCAL programs as a vocational alternative to the VCE.

4. Clear Expectations and Goals.

• Students have a clear idea of what is expected of them in every class and work towards goals.
• During structured lessons, the teacher demonstrates the skills that students need to learn and constantly check their understanding of key concepts. In education circles, this is called “explicit instruction”.

• The Grattan Institute's school education director Peter Goss said: “the schools that have won awards have done it the hard way by improving their teaching, conversations with the school community and boosting students' confidence”.

Jobless rate falls to near eight - year low

https://www.smh.com.au/business/the-economy/jobless-rate-falls-to-eight-year-low-20190321-p5164m.html

          Nelson Mandela's Turning points and Achievements.  

Nelson Mandela was the famous and one of the greatest leaders world had ever seen. There are plenty of turning points and achievements he had and some of them are listed below. 

Turning points:

• Nelson Mandela was born at Qunu, near Umtata on 18 July 1918 to a chief councilor to Thembuland’s acting chief David Dalindyebo.
• Mandela was able to finish his degree and qualified as a Lawyer from the university in spite of the unjust nature of South African Society and in the little Economic and Political opportunity environment for black South Africans.
• The Transvaal Law Society tried to have Mandela's first Black Law firm closed down, although this was blocked by the South African Supreme Court.
• By the late 50s, the S.A.state had become increasingly repressive making it more difficult for the ANC to operate. Mandela had to resign from the ANC and work underground. 
• In the late 50s (56 ‒61) there was an extremely lengthy Treason Trial in which Mandela and several others were charged with treason.
• Mandela led to advocate armed struggle in 1960 through the Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) in the wake of the Sharpeville massacre of 63 black South African’s that changed the whole political climate.
• In 1962 Mandela had been arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment in the notorious Robben Island prison.
• In 1990 Mandela was released from prison.

      

Achievements:

• When his father died, Mandela and was groomed for becoming chief of his local tribe However, Mandela would never be able to make this commitment.
• In 1952 Mandela and Tambo opened the first Black Law firm in South Africa.
• In 1944 Mandela helped found the ANC Youth League, whose Programme of Action was adopted by the ANC in 1949. 
• In the Treason trial, Mandela did his own defense and eventually proved to be victorious.
• On May 10th, 1994 Nelson Mandela was inaugurated as the first democratically elected State President of South Africa and was President until June 1999.
• In 1993 Nelson Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with F.W. De Klerk

      Biography Timeline of William Ferguson (1882-1950)

1882         - Ferguson was born 24th July at Darling Point, Waddai, New South Wales.

1895         - His first wife Emily died who was an Aboriginal housemaid.

1895-96   - He continued education in Warrengesoa Mission School.

1896        - He was working in Riverina Shearing Sheds.

1911        - He married Margaret Mathieson Gowans on February 18th.

1916        - The family settled in Gulargumbore.

1920-24    - He worked as a mailman between Quambone and Gular.

1928         -He joined the reform of government relief work.

1933          -He lived at Dubbo with his wife and 12 children.

1937         - He launched the Aboriginals progressive association at Dubbo.

1938         - He organized the A.P.A conducting conferences among welfare work.

1944-1949- He served for the Aboriginal people in the welfare board.

1949         - He was vice president of the NSW branch for the Australian Aboriginal's league.

1950         -He passed away with heart disease on the 4th of January in Dubbo Base Hospital.  

      

                     Biography Timeline of Fred Hollow(1929-1993)

1929            -     Fred Hollow was born 9th April 1929 in Dunedin, New Zealand.

1942            -    He began his high school at Palmerston North boys high school.

1961           -     He began his postgraduate training at Moorfields Eye Hospital.

1960-1970 -      published numerous articles.

1965           -     He moved to Australia and continued his overseas education. After that, he appointed                                an Associate professor of Ophthalmology at the University of Education.

1968          -      He began to turn his focus for the Aboriginals.

1970          -       married Gabi O Sullivan and both worked in Prince Hollow's Foundation.

1971          -      He set up a proper treatment for the Aboriginals in Redfern, Northern Territory. 

1976-1978 -     He initiated the National Trachoma and Eye Health Program.

1987           -     He visited World's one of the poorest country Eritrea.

1990           -     He was named the Australian of the Year.
1992          -      He launched 'Fred Hollows Foundation' and continued in the foundation.
1993          -      Fred passed away at age of 63 in February.